Nosema cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. (Labiatae)
1.龙船草(海南营根)狗尾射(赦)草(广东儋县、临高),青缸草、红色草(广东澄迈),全缘萼(中国植物科属检索表)图版115
名称文献:Nosema cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. n. ser. 24(2): 343. 1935; Merr. et Chun in Sunyatsenia 5: 10, 1940, in nota; Tanaka & Odashima in Journ Soc. Trop Agr. 10: 381. 1938; in ibid. 12: 201. 1946; Masamune, Fl. Kainant. 290. 1943; C. Y. Wu in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 8(1): 62. 1959; H. Keng in Gard. Bull. Singapore 24: 125, f. 23, f-h. 1969——Dracocephalum cochinchinense Lour. Fl. Cochin 371. 1790; ed. Willd. 450. 1793——Geniosporum holocheilum Hance in Journ. Bot. Brit. & For. 17: 44. 1879; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 267. 1890, sphalm. ut "holochilum"; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 207. 1912——Anisochilus sinensis Hance in Journ Bot. Brit. & For. 23: 327. 1885, "sinense"; Baker in ibid. 24: 114. 1886; Dunn in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 6: 145. 1915; Kudo in Mem Fac Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ. 2: 142, 1929----Mesona prunnelloides Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 267. 1890; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 207. 1912; Doan in Lecte. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 4: 932. 1936——Nosema prunelloides(Hemsl. )Clarke ex Prain in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 73: 21. 1904; Prain ex Dunn in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 6: 134. 1915; Groff in Lingnan Agr. Rev. 2: 138. 1924; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 163. 1927; et in Lingnan Agr. Rev. 2(2): 138. 1925; Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ. 2: 109. 1929; Tanaka & Odashina in Journ. Soc. Trop. Agr. 10: 383. 1938——Nosema holocheilum(Hance)Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ. 2: 108. 1929
形态特征:草本,直立或近直立,高8-80厘米。茎四棱形,具四槽,分枝或不分枝,密被紧贴或稍开展的长柔毛。叶长圆形,椭圆形或卵状长圆形,长1.5-7厘米,宽0.8-2.5厘米,先端钝或急尖,基部圆形、钝至楔形,边缘具不明显的细锯齿或细圆齿,或近全缘,两面密被紧贴的长柔毛,侧脉多数而密,与中脉在上面平坦或微下陷,在下面明显隆起,平行网脉在下面明显;叶柄短,长不超过1厘米,下部者较长,上部者近无柄,腹凹背凸,被毛同茎。轮伞花序多花密集,彼此靠近排列成长1-10(18)厘米的穗状或头状花序;苞片宽卵圆形或近菱状卵圆形,无柄,通常比轮伞花序短,但下部者较伸长,密被长柔毛;花梗短,被长柔毛。花萼长3-3.5毫米,果时增大,长达6.5毫米,外面密被淡褐色绵毛,内面无毛,上唇极宽大,全缘或两边具极不明显的1个小齿,长圆形,下唇全缘,微小,长约为上唇1/3至1/4。花冠蓝色、紫色或淡红色,外被或长或短的柔毛,内面在喉部略被微柔毛,冠筒短而扩展,冠檐二唇形,上唇极宽大,先端短3裂,下唇狭长,舟状。雄蕊4,外伸,前对稍长,花丝被粗毛,后对基部具齿状附属器。花柱先端不相等2裂。花盘前方呈指状膨大。小坚果长圆形,黑褐色,光滑。花期10月至翌年2月。
产地分布:产广西(博白),广东(西南部及海南);生于山坡、路旁、山谷等处,海拔100-1000米。泰国,越南及印度尼西亚(苏门答腊、爪哇)间断分布。模式标本采自越南。
功能用途:广西用花入药,可清肝火,散郁结,治痈肿疤毒、目赤肿痛、瘰疬。